PROJECT TITLE: Development of Fluoride-Free Chemical Pickling for Superior Etching Efficiency and Surface Quality
Surface treatments such as Ti/Zr conversion coatings or A951 pretreatment are commonly applied to automotive 5XXX and 6XXX aluminum sheets to enhance adhesion and corrosion resistance. Prior to surface treatment, acid pickling is an essential process step for removing surface oxides and microstructural inhomogeneities, thereby creating a clean and uniform surface for subsequent pretreatment deposition. Fluoride-assisted pickling solutions are widely used in continuous surface treatment lines for automotive aluminum sheet production because of their high etching efficiency and robust process performance. However, hydrofluoric acid (HF) poses significant health and safety risks, as exposure can cause severe deep-tissue injury and systemic toxicity. To improve operational safety, a fluoride-free pickling solution capable of delivering etching performance and surface quality comparable to conventional fluoride-containing systems needs to be developed. A deeper understanding of the effects of pickling chemistry and novel additives on aluminum surface microstructure, as well as on the subsequent pretreatment process, is critical for optimizing pickling conditions and improving overall process robustness.

About us
Constellium is a global leader designing and manufacturing innovative and high value-added aluminum products and solutions for a broad range of applications dedicated primarily to aerospace, automotive and packaging markets.
Constellium operates 25 manufacturing sites in Europe, North & Central America and China. C-TEC, the company’s Technology Center located in Voreppe, France, and its hub in Plymouth, MI, U.S., is at the origin of many advanced aluminum alloys and solutions.
Through our three business units - Aerospace and Transportation (A&T), Packaging and Automotive Rolled Products (P&ARP), and Automotive Structures and Industry (AS&I) - Constellium anticipates and responds to the fast-evolving market needs.
The company is headquartered in Paris with corporate offices in Baltimore and in Zurich.
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